AI Governance
Overview
AI Governance establishes policies, processes, and controls to ensure AI systems are developed and used responsibly, ethically, and in compliance with regulations.
AI Governance Framework
Core Pillars
| Pillar | Focus |
| Accountability | Clear ownership and responsibility for AI systems |
| Transparency | Explainability of AI decisions |
| Fairness | Preventing bias and discrimination |
| Privacy | Protecting personal data |
| Security | Protecting AI systems from attacks |
| Safety | Preventing harm from AI decisions |
Regulatory Landscape
EU AI Act
Risk-based classification of AI systems:
| Risk Level | Examples | Requirements |
| Unacceptable | Social scoring, real-time biometric ID | Banned |
| High-Risk | Medical devices, hiring systems | Strict requirements |
| Limited Risk | Chatbots, deepfakes | Transparency obligations |
| Minimal Risk | Spam filters, games | No specific requirements |
Other Regulations
- NIST AI RMF - US framework for AI risk management
- ISO/IEC 42001 - AI management system standard
- Singapore Model AI Governance Framework
- Canada's Directive on Automated Decision-Making
AI Risk Management
Risk Categories
- Technical Risks - Model failures, adversarial attacks
- Operational Risks - Deployment issues, monitoring gaps
- Ethical Risks - Bias, unfairness, lack of transparency
- Legal Risks - Regulatory non-compliance
- Reputational Risks - Public perception, trust issues
Risk Assessment Process
Identify → Assess → Mitigate → Monitor → Review
↑ ↓
└──────────── Continuous ──────────────┘
AI Ethics
Key Principles
- Beneficence - AI should benefit society
- Non-maleficence - AI should not cause harm
- Autonomy - Respect human decision-making
- Justice - Fair distribution of AI benefits and risks
- Explicability - AI decisions should be explainable
Bias Mitigation
| Stage | Techniques |
| Pre-processing | Data balancing, bias detection |
| In-processing | Fairness constraints during training |
| Post-processing | Output calibration, threshold adjustment |
Governance Structure
Roles and Responsibilities
- AI Ethics Board - Strategic oversight and policy
- AI Risk Committee - Risk assessment and mitigation
- Model Risk Management - Technical validation
- Data Governance - Data quality and privacy
- Legal/Compliance - Regulatory adherence
Documentation Requirements
| Document | Purpose |
| Model Cards | Document model capabilities and limitations |
| Data Sheets | Document dataset characteristics |
| Impact Assessments | Evaluate societal impact |
| Audit Trails | Track model development and decisions |
Implementing AI Governance
Step 1: Establish Policies
- AI acceptable use policy
- Model development standards
- Data governance requirements
- Incident response procedures
Step 2: Build Processes
- Model review and approval workflow
- Risk assessment procedures
- Monitoring and alerting
- Regular audits
Step 3: Deploy Technology
- Model registries
- Automated testing pipelines
- Monitoring dashboards
- Audit logging systems
Step 4: Train People
- AI ethics training
- Technical security training
- Regulatory awareness
- Incident response drills
Best Practices
- Start with governance - Don't retrofit after deployment
- Document everything - Maintain comprehensive records
- Engage stakeholders - Include diverse perspectives
- Iterate continuously - Governance evolves with AI
- Learn from incidents - Update policies based on lessons learned